Persistence of treatment with 5-grass pollen tablets in patients with allergic rhinitis: a real-life study

In patients with allergic rhinitis, treatment adherence to allergen immunotherapy varies greatly in randomized and real-life studies.

To evaluate the use of a 5-grass pollen tablet as sublingual immunotherapy, its treatment persistence, and the reasons for discontinuation in a real-life clinical setting.

This multicenter, prospective, open-label, noncontrolled observational study evaluated the use of sublingual immunotherapy with a 5-grass pollen tablet in a cross-sectional population of patients (≥5 years old) with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis with or without asthma. The primary objective was to determine the percentage of patients persisting with treatment across 1 season in a pre-co-seasonal scheme. Secondary objectives included evaluation of reasons for treatment discontinuation, safety and adverse events; effectiveness (based on physician and patient assessments), and treatment compliance.

The study included 196 patients (49.2% male, mean age 27.5 years, range 5.3-65.7 years), with treatment provided by 47 participating physicians. Sixty-seven percent of patients had polysensitivity and 32% had coexistent asthma. On average, patients were treated for 7 months with the 5-grass pollen tablet. After 1 month, 85% of all patients persisted with treatment, and 70% persisted after 7 months. Treatment discontinuation was due chiefly to known side effects (mild to moderate local allergic reactions). Most patients reported symptom improvement; 80% of all patients intended to continue treatment next season.

Most patients with allergic rhinitis treated pre-co-seasonally with a 5-grass pollen tablet persisted with treatment after the first pollen season. Patients were willing to continue their treatment in the following season owing to improvement of symptoms.