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Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

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Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
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When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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The operation of a p-n junction diode involves various biasing conditions, including forward bias, reverse bias, and equilibrium.
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Black Phosphorus: Narrow Gap, Wide Applications.

Andres Castellanos-Gomez1

  • 1Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia) , Campus de Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|November 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomically thin black phosphorus, a novel two-dimensional material, has garnered significant research interest due to its tunable band gap and high carrier mobility. This perspective explores its unique properties and potential applications in various technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Atomically thin black phosphorus (BP) has been successfully isolated, sparking intense research interest.
  • This novel two-dimensional (2D) material exhibits properties distinct from graphene and other 2D materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically analyze the reasons for the surge in experimental and theoretical research on 2D black phosphorus.
  • To review current advances, future directions, and challenges in the field of black phosphorus research.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanical exfoliation of bulk layered crystals to obtain atomically thin black phosphorus.
  • Critical analysis of existing experimental and theoretical works.
  • Review of scientific literature on black phosphorus.

Main Results:

  • Black phosphorus possesses a tunable band gap across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum, unlike other 2D materials.
  • High carrier mobility and ambipolar field-effect properties are key features of 2D black phosphorus.
  • In-plane anisotropy is another unusual characteristic driving scientific attention.

Conclusions:

  • The unique optoelectronic properties and anisotropy of black phosphorus make it a highly promising material for diverse applications.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and fully realize the potential of this novel 2D material in fields like thermal imaging and photovoltaics.