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Eosinophil granule major basic protein in acute renal allograft rejection
R M Ten1, G J Gleich, K E Holley
1Division of Nephrology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Transplantation
|June 1, 1989
Summary
Eosinophils play a key role in acute renal allograft rejection, with elevated urine major basic protein (MBP) indicating rejection. Urine MBP monitoring may aid in transplant patient management.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Transplantation
Background:
- Conventional eosinophil staining underestimates numbers and misses degranulation.
- Eosinophils are implicated in tissue damage during acute renal allograft rejection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate eosinophil involvement in acute renal allograft rejection.
- To assess the utility of eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) as a biomarker.
Main Methods:
- Immunofluorescence for MBP in kidney tissue.
- Radioimmunoassay for MBP in plasma and urine.
- Comparison between acute rejection and cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
Main Results:
- 94% of acute rejection patients showed tissue eosinophilia; 87% showed eosinophil degranulation.
- Urine MBP significantly elevated in acute rejection, not in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
- Plasma MBP levels were normal in both conditions.
Conclusions:
- Eosinophils contribute to tissue damage in renal allograft rejection.
- Urine MBP is a potential biomarker for monitoring transplant rejection.
- Elevated eosinophil markers do not always signify irreversible rejection.