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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Periodontitis and bone metabolism.

Luigi Barbato1, Edoardo Francioni1, Massimiliano Bianchi1

  • 1Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy.

Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases
|November 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Periodontitis causes tissue destruction and alveolar bone loss, influenced by the host

Keywords:
alveolar boneosteoimmunologyosteoporosisperiodontitis

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology and immunology, focusing on the interplay between immune and bone cells.

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a plaque-induced disease leading to significant tissue and alveolar bone destruction.
  • Host response to bacterial infection critically determines the severity of bone loss.
  • Emerging research highlights the roles of the immune system, particularly the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway and cytokine networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
  • To discuss the role of osteoimmunology in bone resorption associated with periodontitis.
  • To explore the connection between periodontitis, osteoporosis, and potential host modulatory therapies (HMT).

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on periodontitis pathogenesis.
  • Focus on immune system involvement, including specific molecular pathways and cellular interactions.
  • Exploration of osteoimmunology principles and their application to periodontal disease.

Main Results:

  • The immune system's complex role in mediating tissue destruction in periodontitis is increasingly understood.
  • The RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway and cytokine networks are key regulators of bone resorption.
  • Osteoimmunology provides a framework for understanding the immune-bone cell crosstalk in periodontal disease.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of pathogenic mechanisms facilitates insights into comorbidities like osteoporosis.
  • Host modulatory therapy (HMT) emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy by modulating the host response.
  • Further research into osteoimmunology can lead to novel treatments for periodontitis.