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Individual differences in impulsive action and dopamine transporter function in rat orbitofrontal cortex.

J R Yates1, M Darna2, J S Beckmann3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA.

Neuroscience
|November 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in dopamine transporter (DAT) function in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are linked to impulsive action. Lower OFC DAT function correlates with higher impulsivity, suggesting a role in drug abuse vulnerability.

Keywords:
cued go/no-godelay discountingdopamine transporterimpulsive actionimpulsive choicerat

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • Impulsivity, encompassing impulsive action and choice, is a key factor in drug abuse vulnerability.
  • Dopamine (DA) systems in the prefrontal cortex are known to influence impulsivity and substance abuse.
  • The specific contribution of inherent variations in dopamine transporter (DAT) function to impulsivity remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between individual differences in impulsive action and impulsive choice and dopamine transporter (DAT) function in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).

Main Methods:

  • Rats were assessed for impulsive action using a cued go/no-go task and for impulsive choice using a delay-discounting task.
  • Following behavioral testing, in vitro [(3)H]DA uptake assays were conducted on isolated OFC and mPFC from individual rats.
  • DAT function was quantified by measuring Vmax (maximum uptake rate).

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was found between Vmax in the OFC and performance on the cued go/no-go task, indicating that decreased OFC DAT function is associated with increased impulsive action.
  • No significant correlation was observed between DAT function in either the OFC or mPFC and performance on the delay-discounting task (impulsive choice).

Conclusions:

  • Decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) function in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is associated with heightened impulsive action.
  • These findings suggest that hyperdopaminergic tone within the OFC may contribute to increased impulsive action, potentially influencing vulnerability to substance abuse.