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Unusual Cerebral Emboli

Nader Zakhari1, Mauricio Castillo2, Carlos Torres3

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|November 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Less common brain emboli, such as air, fat, or tumor cells, have unique imaging features. Recognizing these can help diagnose specific causes of cerebral infarction beyond typical blood clots.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Embolic disease to the brain commonly originates from the heart and carotid arteries.
  • Blood clots are the most frequent type of cerebral emboli.
  • Less common emboli include air, fat, calcium, infected vegetations, tumor cells, and venous system origins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the ancillary and unique imaging features of less common cerebral emboli.
  • To aid in the specific diagnosis or suspicion of non-thrombotic causes of cerebral infarction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging characteristics associated with various types of cerebral emboli.
  • Correlation of imaging findings with specific embolic materials and sources.

Main Results:

  • Identification of distinct imaging patterns for uncommon cerebral emboli.
  • Demonstration of how these features can suggest diagnoses beyond typical embolic stroke.

Conclusions:

  • Imaging plays a crucial role in identifying the source and type of cerebral emboli.
  • Recognition of unique features of less common emboli can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management.

Keywords:
Air embolismCerebral embolismFat embolismMyxomaParadoxic embolismSeptic emboli

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