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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
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Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

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Extreme events in multilayer, interdependent complex networks and control.

Yu-Zhong Chen1, Zi-Gang Huang1,2, Hai-Feng Zhang3

  • 1School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.

Scientific Reports
|November 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Extreme events can cascade globally in interdependent networks due to resource competition. Increasing network layers or overlap can trigger these events, necessitating targeted hub capacity increases for control.

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Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
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Published on: February 14, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Complex Systems
  • Statistical Physics

Background:

  • Interdependent networks are crucial for modern infrastructure.
  • Limited capacity and resource competition between network layers are key factors.
  • Understanding extreme events in such systems is vital for resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of extreme events in interdependent networks.
  • To introduce and analyze an inter-layer resource competition mechanism.
  • To develop a theoretical framework and control strategy for network resilience.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling interdependent networks with an inter-layer traffic resource competition mechanism.
  • Deriving an analytical theory based on effective betweenness.
  • Simulating cascading extreme events and evaluating control schemes.

Main Results:

  • Increased network layers and overlap promote global-scale cascading extreme events.
  • Two stable states emerge: event-free and event-dominated, with abrupt transitions.
  • Internal multiplex interactions drive distinct extreme event phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Multiplex network interactions can lead to unexpected global extreme events.
  • Effective betweenness provides a theoretical basis for understanding event emergence.
  • Targeted hub capacity enhancement offers a cost-effective control strategy.