Training Models in Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery: Rabbit Model Versus Porcine Model: A Comparative Study

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Surgical Education
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• The porcine model is standard for laparoscopic training, but smaller animals may enhance pediatric surgical training.
• Current training methods for pediatric minimally invasive surgery (MIS) lack optimal animal models for skill development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficiency and effectiveness of rabbit versus porcine models for pediatric MIS training.
• To evaluate trainee performance and preference between rabbit and porcine models for laparoscopic procedures.

Main Methods:

• Ten pediatric surgeons trained on four laparoscopic procedures (inguinal hernia repair, varicocelectomy, nephrectomy, fundoplication) using both rabbit and porcine models.
• Surgical outcomes including operative time, complications, and performance scores were assessed by experienced tutors.
• Statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test and Student's t test to compare model effectiveness.

Main Results:

• Trainees reported significantly higher confidence with the rabbit model, particularly for advanced procedures (P=.03).
• Overall surgical performance scores were significantly higher in the rabbit model (8.1 vs. 6.0; P=.01), with notable differences in dissection, suturing, and instrument handling.
• Advanced procedure operative times were shorter in the rabbit model (P=.01), and 90% of trainees preferred the rabbit model.

Conclusions:

• The rabbit model is a preferred alternative to the porcine model for pediatric MIS training.
• Rabbits facilitate easier and more efficient performance of both basic and advanced laparoscopic procedures.
• The rabbit model provides a comfortable and effective platform for technical skill acquisition in pediatric MIS.