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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Inducing Pluripotency in Cattle.

Luis F Malaver-Ortega1,2, Amir Taheri-Ghahfarokhi3, Huseyin Sumer4

  • 1Monash Institute for Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia. luismalaver@gmail.com.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed a new method to create bovine induced pluripotent stem cells (biPSCs) using specific reprogramming factors. This breakthrough offers a potential alternative for stem cell research in cattle.

Keywords:
Bos. taurusBovineNuclear reprogrammingPluripotencyRetrovirusStem cellsTransductioniPSCs

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biotechnology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold significant promise for regenerative medicine and biotechnology.
  • Generating iPSCs from refractory species like cattle (Bos taurus) remains challenging.
  • iPSCs offer a potential alternative to embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for certain applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel protocol for the generation and characterization of bovine iPSCs (biPSCs).
  • To establish a reliable method for obtaining pluripotent stem cells from cattle.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a pantropic retroviral system for gene delivery.
  • Overexpressed the exogenous transcription factors NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC.
  • Characterized the generated biPSCs to confirm pluripotency.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated and characterized bovine iPSCs (biPSCs).
  • Demonstrated the efficacy of the retroviral reprogramming system in cattle.
  • Established a viable protocol for biPSCs generation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol provides a feasible method for generating biPSCs.
  • This advancement facilitates further research in bovine stem cell applications.
  • The protocol may be adaptable for iPSCs generation in other refractory species.