Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 29, 2026
03:55
Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
1.1K
Thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease: A meta-analysis
Joy U L Staniforth1, Senarath Erdirimanne1, Guy D Eslick1
1The Whiteley-Martin Research Centre, Discipline of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
International Journal of Surgery (London, England)
|December 3, 2015
Summary
Graves' disease patients have a 7% incidence of thyroid carcinoma, similar to other hyperthyroid conditions. Co-existing nodules significantly increase cancer risk, warranting careful screening for thyroid malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Global incidence of thyroid carcinoma is rising.
- Graves' disease is the most common hyperthyroid condition.
- Previous studies suggest a link between Graves' disease and increased thyroid malignancy risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- Quantify the risk of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease.
- Investigate histological subtypes of carcinoma.
- Examine the role of co-existing thyroid nodules.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of multiple databases.
- Inclusion of studies with established diagnostic criteria for thyroid conditions and histological confirmation of carcinoma.
- Analysis of 33 studies reporting on surgically-resected specimens.
Main Results:
- The incidence rate of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease was 0.07 (95% CI 0.04–0.12).
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma constituted 88% of malignancies, with micro-carcinoma accounting for 23%.
- Patients with Graves' disease and nodules had a nearly 5-fold higher risk of carcinoma.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid malignancy risk in Graves' disease requiring surgery is comparable to other hyperthyroid conditions.
- Screening for nodules in selected Graves' disease patients is advised.
- Awareness of potential over-diagnosis of papillary micro-carcinoma is necessary.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
8.9K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
8.9K
01:23The Thyroid Gland
8.6K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
8.6K
01:18Functions of Thyroid Hormones
6.6K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
6.6K