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Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Long-acting hormonal contraception.

Giuseppe Benagiano1, Henry Gabelnick2, Ivo Brosens3

  • 1Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Urology, University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Roma, Italy.

Women'S Health (London, England)
|December 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives, including implants and intrauterine devices, offer high effectiveness and convenience. While generally safe, some agents like Depo Provera may increase HIV risk.

Keywords:
Depot–Depo ProveraImplanonJadelleMirenaNoristeratUniplantinjectable contraceptivesintrauterine contraceptive systemslong-acting contraceptivessubcutaneous contraceptive implants

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Advancements in contraception have led to new long-acting, reversible hormonal methods.
  • These methods aim to improve user compliance and maximize contraceptive effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and implications of novel long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives.
  • To highlight the benefits and potential risks associated with these agents, particularly in diverse healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on long-acting contraceptive technologies.
  • Analysis of pharmacokinetic properties, clinical safety, and effectiveness data for subdermal implants and intrauterine devices.
  • Examination of specific agents like Depo Provera, Noristerat, and the Mirena system.

Main Results:

  • Long-acting agents, including subdermal implants and intrauterine devices, offer sustained hormone release and high effectiveness.
  • Depo Provera and Noristerat demonstrate good safety and utility in developing countries, with no significant increase in breast cancer risk but a potential increase in HIV risk.
  • The Mirena intrauterine system is effective for contraception and menorrhagia treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives represent a significant advancement in fertility management.
  • These methods offer a balance of effectiveness, safety, and convenience, though specific risks like potential HIV association require consideration.
  • The intrauterine system Mirena provides dual benefits for contraception and managing heavy menstrual bleeding.