Morphology of the peritoneum in CAPD
1Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Round Lake, Ill.
Blood Purification
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) alters the peritoneum. Electron microscopy reveals mesothelial changes and submesothelial alterations, defining the
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Histology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a key treatment for kidney failure.
- The peritoneal membrane's response to long-term dialysis is crucial for treatment efficacy.
- Understanding ultrastructural changes in the peritoneum is vital for optimizing CAPD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ultrastructural changes in the parietal peritoneum of patients undergoing CAPD.
- To compare the mesothelium and submesothelial tissue of CAPD patients with normal controls and uremic individuals.
Main Methods:
- Electron microscopy was used to examine biopsies of parietal peritoneum.
- Tissue samples were obtained from patients on CAPD, normal controls, and uremic individuals.
Main Results:
- CAPD-exposed mesothelium showed increased rough endoplasmic reticulum development.
- A decrease in surface microvilli and micropinocytotic vesicles was observed in CAPD patients' mesothelium.
- Alterations in submesothelial ground substance and collagen fiber arrangement were noted.
Conclusions:
- The 'reactive' peritoneum in peritoneal dialysis is characterized by combined mesothelial and submesothelial changes.
- These ultrastructural alterations are a direct consequence of dialysate exposure.
- Findings provide insights into the peritoneal membrane's adaptation to CAPD.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tissue Membranes
A tissue membrane is a thin layer of cells that covers the outside of the body, the organs, internal passageways that lead to the exterior of the body, and the lining of the moveable joint cavities. There are two basic types of tissue membranes— connective tissue and epithelial membranes.
Connective Tissue Membranes
The connective tissue membrane is formed solely from connective tissue. These membranes encapsulate organs, such as the kidneys, and line our movable joints. A synovial membrane is...
Connective Tissue Membranes
The connective tissue membrane is formed solely from connective tissue. These membranes encapsulate organs, such as the kidneys, and line our movable joints. A synovial membrane is...
01:19Abdominal Regions and Quadrants
To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
01:21Peritoneum
The peritoneum is a vital membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the organs within it. It plays a crucial role in protecting the organs, providing a smooth surface for their movement, and facilitating various physiological processes. Understanding the anatomy and function of the peritoneum is essential for comprehending the complexities of the abdominal region.
Anatomy of the Peritoneum
The peritoneum is divided into two layers: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral...
Anatomy of the Peritoneum
The peritoneum is divided into two layers: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral...
01:17Gross Anatomy of the Liver
The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
Located under the diaphragm, the liver is almost entirely ensconced within the rib cage, providing it with substantial protection. Except for the superior most bare area, the liver's surface is covered...
Located under the diaphragm, the liver is almost entirely ensconced within the rib cage, providing it with substantial protection. Except for the superior most bare area, the liver's surface is covered...
01:26Histology of the Large Intestine
The large intestine, a vital component of the gastrointestinal tract, is structured with four main layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Each layer performs a distinct role in facilitating the smooth functioning of the large intestine.
The innermost mucosa layer comprises simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. This layer is primarily populated with absorptive cells, tasked with water absorption, and goblet cells, responsible for secreting mucus to...
The innermost mucosa layer comprises simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. This layer is primarily populated with absorptive cells, tasked with water absorption, and goblet cells, responsible for secreting mucus to...
01:19Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...