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Biosafety considerations for attenuated measles virus vectors used in virotherapy and vaccination

Aline Baldo1, Evanthia Galanis2, Frédéric Tangy3

  • 1a Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Biosafety and Biotechnology Unit , Brussels , Belgium.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|December 4, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Attenuated measles virus (MV) vectors are effective for vaccines and oncolytic virotherapy. This review discusses their characteristics and biosafety for regulatory compliance.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Attenuated measles virus (MV) is a safe and effective vaccine candidate.
  • MV utilizes CD46 as a primary receptor for cell entry and fusion.
  • Attenuated MV strains exhibit oncolytic properties, targeting cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of measles virus (MV) and recombinant MV vectors.
  • To discuss the application of MV vectors in vaccination and virotherapy.
  • To evaluate the biosafety aspects of MV vectors for regulatory compliance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of measles virus (MV) properties.
  • Analysis of MV vector usage in vaccination and oncolytic virotherapy.
  • Assessment of biosafety considerations for recombinant MV vectors.

Main Results:

  • Measles virus (MV) vectors demonstrate efficacy in vaccination and oncolytic virotherapy.
  • CD46 receptor interaction is key for MV entry and cancer cell targeting.
  • Recombinant MV vectors require thorough biosafety assessment for human and environmental safety.

Conclusions:

  • Measles virus (MV) vectors hold significant potential for both prophylactic vaccination and therapeutic virotherapy.
  • Understanding MV-CD46 interactions is crucial for optimizing vector design.
  • Rigorous biosafety evaluations are essential for the regulatory approval of MV-based products.
Keywords:
MV Edmonston strainsbiosafetymeasles virus (MV)vaccinationviral vectorsvirotherapy

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