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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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Oligonucleotide Functionalised Microbeads: Indispensable Tools for High-Throughput Aptamer Selection.

Lewis A Fraser1, Andrew B Kinghorn2, Marco S L Tang3

  • 1School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. lewis-fraser@hku.hk.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oligonucleotide-functionalized microbeads revolutionize aptamer selection, enabling higher binding affinities and diverse aptamer properties through techniques like Fluorescence Activated Droplet Sorting (FADS). This advancement significantly improves high-throughput aptamer discovery.

Keywords:
FACSSELEXaptamerePCRmicrobeadmonoclonal bead

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Microbead functionalization with oligonucleotides is crucial for high-throughput aptamer selection in SELEX protocols.
  • Microbeads simplify candidate separation and integrate with technologies like emulsion PCR (ePCR) and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS).
  • Monoclonal aptamer microbeads enable individual assessment, reducing stochastic effects seen in classical SELEX.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of oligonucleotide-functionalized microbeads in aptamer selection.
  • To explore emerging techniques like Fluorescence Activated Droplet Sorting (FADS).
  • To discuss new opportunities for aptamer science enabled by these advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of microbeads with oligonucleotides.
  • Integration of microbeads with SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) protocols.
  • Application of advanced sorting techniques such as ePCR, FACS, and FADS.

Main Results:

  • Aptamers with 1000-fold greater binding affinities compared to traditional SELEX have been developed.
  • Microbead-based methods enhance the efficiency and reduce variability in aptamer selection.
  • FADS allows for aptamer evolution based on properties beyond simple binding, such as fluorescence or enzymatic activity.

Conclusions:

  • Oligonucleotide-functionalized microbeads are essential for modern high-throughput aptamer discovery.
  • Advanced techniques like FADS expand the scope of aptamer selection and applications.
  • This review highlights the transformative impact and future potential of microbead-based aptamer science.