Brain hypothermia therapy for childhood acute encephalopathy based on clinical evidence

Although previous studies have reported on the effectiveness of brain hypothermia therapy in childhood acute encephalopathy, additional studies in this field are necessary. In this review, we discussed brain hypothermia therapy methods for two clinical conditions for which sufficient evidences are currently available in the literature. The first condition is known as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and occurs in newborns and the second condition is acute encephalopathy which occurs in adults following cardiopulmonary resuscitation associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest state resulting from ventricular arrhythmia. Furthermore, we assessed the prospects of applying these therapies to acute encephalopathy in children.