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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles
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Particle Trajectory-Dependent Ionic Current Blockade in Low-Aspect-Ratio Pores.

Makusu Tsutsui1, Yuhui He2, Kazumichi Yokota1

  • 1The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.

ACS Nano
|December 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Low-aspect-ratio nanopore sensors detect nanoscale objects by analyzing ionic current blockades. Particle trajectories within the pore influence resistive pulse height, crucial for improving single-bioparticle analysis.

Keywords:
access resistanceion transportlow aspect rationanoporesingle particle detection

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Resistive pulse sensing utilizes nanopores to analyze nanoscale objects in liquid.
  • Low thickness-to-diameter aspect-ratio nanopores offer potential for high-spatial-resolution analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the sensing capabilities of low-aspect-ratio nanopore sensors.
  • Analyze ionic current blockades during the translocation of polymeric nanobeads.
  • Understand the influence of particle trajectories on sensing signals.

Main Methods:

  • Resistive pulse sensing experiments using low-aspect-ratio nanopore sensors.
  • Monitoring ionic current blockades during nanobead translocation.
  • Multiphysics simulations to model particle behavior within the pore.

Main Results:

  • Detected small current spikes from partial pore occlusion, indicating an expansive sensing zone.
  • Observed varied ion current line-shapes during particle capture due to random incident angles.
  • Found reproducible ionic profiles post-translocation due to spatial confinement and ballistic motion.

Conclusions:

  • Resistive pulse height in ultrathin pores strongly depends on nanoscopic single-particle trajectories.
  • Regulating analyte translocation pathways in low-aspect-ratio pores is key for enhanced single-bioparticle tomography.
  • Low-aspect-ratio nanopores show promise for advanced nanoscale analysis in liquid environments.