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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Methodology for Accurate Detection of Mitochondrial DNA Methylation
Published on: May 20, 2018
One-carbon metabolism and epigenetics: understanding the specificity
Samantha J Mentch1, Jason W Locasale1,2,3,4
1Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
One-carbon metabolism fuels histone methylation via S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), linking nutrient status to gene regulation. This study explores histone methyltransferases (HMTs), SAM production, and their specific metabolic connections.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Epigenetics
- Metabolic regulation
Background:
- One-carbon metabolism integrates environmental nutrient signals for biological functions.
- The folate and methionine cycles produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the primary methyl donor.
- Histone methylation is vital for epigenetic regulation of gene expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the biochemical properties of histone methyltransferases (HMTs).
- To elucidate the role of HMTs in gene regulation.
- To explore the specific link between cellular metabolism and HMT activity.
Main Methods:
- Biochemical analysis of HMTs.
- Investigation of SAM production pathways.
- Nutrient-dependent activity assays for HMTs.
Main Results:
- SAM levels, influenced by nutrient availability, directly impact HMT activity.
- HMTs utilize SAM for crucial histone methylation events.
- A direct link exists between cellular nutrient status and epigenetic modifications.
Conclusions:
- Cellular metabolism critically regulates histone methylation through SAM availability.
- Understanding HMT specificity is key to deciphering metabolic control of epigenetics.
- This metabolic-epigenetic interplay influences gene expression patterns.
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