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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

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Published on: June 8, 2011
Phosphorus Concentrations in Sequentially Fractionated Soil Samples as Affected by Digestion Methods
Carlos A C do Nascimento1, Paulo H Pagliari2, Djalma Schmitt3
1Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Padua Dias, 11, Piracicaba SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
Sample preparation significantly impacts total phosphorus (TP) measurements in soil. ICP-OES analysis of undigested extracts offers the most precise TP determination for sequential soil extractions.
Area of Science:
- Soil Science
- Environmental Chemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Sequential fractionation enhances understanding of phosphorus (P) lability and bioavailability in soils.
- The impact of pre-analytical sample manipulation on total phosphorus (TP) measurements remains underreported.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how sample digestion, filtration, and acidification influence TP concentrations.
- To evaluate the precision of TP determination using ICP-OES on sequentially extracted soil samples.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 20 soil samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES).
- Compared TP concentrations from undigested, block-digested, and autoclave-digested extracts.
- Assessed the effects of filtration and acidification on alkaline extracts before ICP-OES analysis.
Main Results:
- Block digestion yielded the highest TP concentrations but also the greatest variability.
- Acidification of NaHCO3 extracts decreased TP, while NaOH extracts showed variable changes.
- ICP-OES analysis of undigested extracts demonstrated superior precision for TP determination.
Conclusions:
- Undigested extract analysis via ICP-OES is recommended for precise TP determination in sequential soil extractions.
- Standardized sample handling is crucial for accurate P determination and reliable literature data comparison.
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