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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Recurrent wheezing and asthma after bocavirus bronchiolitis.

T Del Rosal1, M L García-García2, C Calvo2

  • 1Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Severe human bocavirus (HBoV) bronchiolitis in infancy is linked to recurrent wheezing and a higher risk of developing asthma by age 5-7 years. This finding highlights a significant mid-term outcome for HBoV infections in children.

Keywords:
AsthmaBronchiolitisHuman bocavirusRecurrent wheezing

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
  • Virology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging cause of respiratory infections in young children.
  • The long-term respiratory outcomes of HBoV-bronchiolitis, particularly the development of recurrent wheezing and asthma, remain unclear.
  • Understanding these outcomes is crucial for managing pediatric respiratory illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mid-term respiratory outcomes of children previously hospitalized with HBoV-bronchiolitis.
  • To compare the incidence of recurrent wheezing and asthma in HBoV-bronchiolitis patients versus those with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-bronchiolitis.
  • To assess the association between HBoV infection and the development of asthma and related allergic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study of 80 children (10 HBoV, 70 RSV) hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis between 2004-2009, followed up to age ≥4 years.
  • Data collection included structured clinical interviews, spirometry, and skin prick tests for common allergens.
  • Comparison of clinical outcomes, including recurrent wheezing, asthma prevalence, and allergic sensitization, between HBoV and RSV groups.

Main Results:

  • All children with HBoV-bronchiolitis developed recurrent wheezing, and 50% had asthma by age 5-7 years.
  • Asthma and current asthma were significantly more frequent in the HBoV group (OR=1.28 and OR=2.18, respectively) compared to the RSV group.
  • No significant differences were observed in allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, or positive skin prick test proportions between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Severe HBoV-bronchiolitis in infancy is strongly associated with the development of asthma at 5-7 years of age.
  • HBoV infection may predispose children to persistent wheezing and asthma, necessitating further research into underlying mechanisms.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering HBoV in the differential diagnosis of severe bronchiolitis and its long-term respiratory sequelae.