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Vortex and half-vortex dynamics in a nonlinear spinor quantum fluid.

Lorenzo Dominici1, Galbadrakh Dagvadorj2, Jonathan M Fellows2

  • 1Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) NANOTEC, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. ; Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio de Giorgi," Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied quantum vortex dynamics in polariton fluids, observing phenomena like spiraling half-vortices and splitting full vortices. This reveals how nonlinearity and disorder shape fluid behavior and vortex evolution.

Keywords:
Bose Einstein condensatesPolaritonsnonlinearityqunatum vorticestopological excitations

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Optics

Background:

  • Vortices are fundamental in physics, appearing from subatomic particles to galaxies.
  • They are linked to spontaneous symmetry breaking and phase transitions.
  • In superfluids, vortices are quantized quasiparticles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantum vortex dynamics in a 2D polariton fluid.
  • To explore the role of nonlinearity and disorder in vortex behavior.
  • To observe vortex evolution on ultrafast timescales.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 2D fluid of polaritons, which are hybrid photonic-electronic quasiparticles.
  • Generated initial conditions with full or half-integer vortices using resonant pulsed excitations.
  • Employed ultrafast imaging on the picosecond scale to track coherent evolution.

Main Results:

  • Observed spiraling of half-vortices and the synchronized movement and splitting of full vortex pairs.
  • Documented ordered branching into secondary vortex couples, linked to symmetry breaking.
  • Revealed the interplay between nonlinearity and sample disorder in shaping fluid dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Polariton condensates provide a versatile platform for studying quantum vortex dynamics.
  • Observations suggest phase singularities can be viewed as fundamental particles.
  • The study offers insights into quantized events like pair creation and topological vortex strings.