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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis
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Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis

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Ribosome Flow Model on a Ring.

Alon Raveh, Yoram Zarai, Michael Margaliot

    IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
    |December 17, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The ribosome flow model on a ring (RFMR), a mean field approximation of the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP), exhibits a continuum of equilibrium points. This model, applicable to gene expression, demonstrates trajectory convergence and entrainment to periodic rates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Statistical Physics
    • Biophysics
    • Dynamical Systems Theory

    Background:

    • The asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) models particle movement on a lattice with exclusion rules.
    • ASEP is applied to multi-agent systems, notably ribosome flow along mRNA.
    • Periodic boundary conditions in ASEP lead to the ribosome flow model on a ring (RFMR).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Analyze the ribosome flow model on a ring (RFMR) using monotone dynamical systems theory.
    • Investigate the equilibrium points and long-term behavior of the RFMR.
    • Explore the implications for understanding and engineering cyclic mRNA translation.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of monotone dynamical systems theory to the RFMR.
    • Analysis of equilibrium points and trajectory convergence.
    • Investigation of entrainment phenomena under periodic transition rates.

    Main Results:

    • The RFMR admits a continuum of equilibrium points.
    • All trajectories of the RFMR converge to an equilibrium point.
    • The RFMR entrains to periodic transition rates between sites.

    Conclusions:

    • The RFMR provides a robust framework for studying cyclic mRNA translation.
    • Understanding RFMR dynamics aids in engineering synthetic and endogenous gene expression.
    • The model's convergence properties offer insights into system stability and predictability.