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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Updated: Mar 28, 2026

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Are Risks From Medical Imaging Still too Small to Be Observed or Nonexistent?

Brant A Ulsh1

  • 1Principal Health Physicist, M.H. Chew & Associates, Livermore, CA.

Dose-Response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society
|December 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Carcinogenic risks from low-dose radiation, such as from medical imaging, are likely nonexistent or too small to detect. Current claims of widespread cancer risks from computed tomography (CT) scans are not supported by evidence and cause undue public fear.

Keywords:
atomic bomb survivorscomputed tomographylinear no-threshold hypothesismedical imagingradiation risk

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Radiation exposure from medical imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT), is increasing globally.
  • Professional societies suggest risks below 50-100 mSv are undetectable or nonexistent.
  • Concerns exist regarding the extrapolation of small doses across large populations to predict cancer incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine claims of carcinogenic risks from medical imaging.
  • To evaluate the scientific basis for reported increases in radiation-induced cancers from CT scans.
  • To address the public health impact of unsubstantiated risk communication.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and professional society recommendations.
  • Critical analysis of epidemiological studies cited as evidence for low-dose carcinogenicity.
  • Assessment of the methodologies used to predict cancer risks from medical radiation.

Main Results:

  • The cited evidence does not support direct evidence of carcinogenicity at low doses from medical imaging.
  • Claims of thousands of future cancers from CT scans are often based on unsupported extrapolations.
  • Public fear generated by sensationalized claims can deter patients from necessary medical examinations.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not confirm carcinogenic risks from low-dose medical imaging.
  • Sensationalized reporting of radiation risks can have negative public health consequences.
  • The medical and scientific communities should actively counter unsubstantiated claims regarding radiation-induced health risks.