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Cachexia: a nutritional syndrome?

Stefan D Anker1, John E Morley2

  • 1Applied Cachexia Research, Department of Cardiology, Charité Medical School Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany ; Department of Innovative Clinical Trials, University Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen, Germany.

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
|December 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nutritional support and exercise can improve outcomes for patients with early cachexia, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Evidence is less clear for advanced cachexia.

Keywords:
cachexianutritionnutritional syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Cachexia is characterized by nutritional deficits, anorexia, and loss of fat and muscle mass.
  • Early cachexia is often observed in elderly individuals with conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional support in various stages of cachexia.
  • To determine the role of nutritional interventions in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence for nutritional support in precachexia, early cachexia, and refractory cachexia.
  • Analysis of outcomes in patients with conditions such as COPD, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.

Main Results:

  • Strong evidence supports nutritional support improving outcomes in precachexia and early cachexia (e.g., in COPD patients).
  • Limited evidence suggests benefits for heart failure and chronic kidney disease.
  • Nutritional support shows less dramatic effects in refractory cachexia.

Conclusions:

  • Early nutritional intervention, combined with exercise, is a potentially important therapeutic strategy for cachexia.
  • Timely intervention is key for maximizing the benefits of nutritional support in managing cachexia.