Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
05:51

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: January 31, 2025

2.5K

Sonographic Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Excursion and Thickness in Healthy Infants and Children

Hanan El-Halaby1, Hesham Abdel-Hady2, Gehan Alsawah2

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics (H.E., H.A., G.A., H.E.) and Diagnostic Radiology (A.A.), Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt. hanan_elhalaby@yahoo.com.

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
|December 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

This study establishes normal M-mode sonography values for diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in healthy children. Right diaphragmatic excursion correlates positively with body weight, with percentile curves provided.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Ultrasound Applications

Background:

  • M-mode sonography is a noninvasive tool for assessing diaphragmatic function.
  • Limited pediatric data exists for normal diaphragmatic excursion and thickness.
  • Diaphragmatic kinetics are crucial in conditions like paresis and paralysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine reference values for diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in healthy infants and children using sonography.
  • Identify correlations between these values and anthropometric measurements, age, and sex.
  • Establish percentile curves for right diaphragmatic excursion relative to body weight.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 400 healthy participants aged 1 month to 16 years, divided into four age groups.
  • Utilized M-mode sonography to measure diaphragmatic excursion and thickness of both hemidiaphragms.
  • Employed liver and spleen as acoustic windows for right and left hemidiaphragm assessment, respectively.

Main Results:

  • Established reference values for diaphragmatic excursion and thickness across pediatric age groups.
  • Found no significant sex-based differences in diaphragmatic measurements.
  • Observed significant positive correlations between right hemidiaphragm excursion and body weight (r = 0.52 to 0.20).

Conclusions:

  • Provides essential reference values for diaphragmatic excursion and thickness in healthy pediatric populations.
  • Successfully generated percentile curves for right diaphragmatic excursion against body weight.
  • Sonography offers a valuable, noninvasive method for evaluating pediatric diaphragmatic function.
Abstract

Keywords:
M-modediaphragmatic excursiondiaphragmatic thicknesshealthy childrenpediatric ultrasoundsonography

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes05:51

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes

Published on: November 3, 2023

9.3K
The Application of Point-of-Care Ultrasonography (POCUS) in the Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the Intensive Care Unit08:22

The Application of Point-of-Care Ultrasonography (POCUS) in the Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the Intensive Care Unit

Published on: December 12, 2025

1.4K

Related Concept Videos

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation01:24

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract is critical in identifying potential health issues. One key component of this assessment is palpation, a technique healthcare providers use to assess the body for abnormalities. This content explores the method of palpation in evaluating the respiratory tract, focusing on thoracic palpation and tactile fremitus.
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
2.7K
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract III: Percussion01:29

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract III: Percussion

The respiratory system, fundamental to life, consists of complex structures responsible for gas exchange. The percussion assessment is critical to understanding this system's health and functionality. This non-invasive assessment technique allows healthcare providers to evaluate the density or aeration of the lungs, thereby identifying potential abnormalities.
Percussion in Respiratory Assessment
Percussion evaluates underlying tissue composition with audible and tactile vibrations,...
4.3K
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
1.1K
Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
Percussion
Percussion is an essential...
3.3K
Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection....
3.1K
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
1.2K