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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy
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All Ribosomes Are Created Equal. Really?

Thomas Preiss1

  • 1EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|December 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Discover the existence of specialized ribosomes in eukaryotic cells. This groundbreaking research reveals distinct ribosome compositions and functions, challenging the traditional view of their constitutive role in protein synthesis.

Keywords:
Molecular machinemass spectrometrypost-transcriptional regulationprotein synthesisribosome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ribosomes are traditionally viewed as constitutive molecular machines.
  • Their role in protein synthesis is considered non-regulatory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional and compositional diversity of ribosomes.
  • To challenge the established paradigm of ribosome function.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis of ribosome populations.
  • Functional assays to assess protein synthesis activity.

Main Results:

  • Evidence for ribosomes with distinct compositions.
  • Demonstration of varied functionalities among ribosome types.
  • Support for the 'specialized ribosome' hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • Ribosomes are not uniform; specialized ribosomes exist.
  • This diversity impacts protein synthesis regulation.
  • Revises the understanding of molecular machines in eukaryotes.