Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and alternative therapeutic options
Maitrayee Chatterjee1, C P Anju1, Lalitha Biswas1
1Amrita Center for Nanoscience and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS - Ponekkara, Cochin 682041, Kerala, India.
Abstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of nosocomial infections and is responsible for ∼10% of all hospital-acquired infections worldwide. It continues to pose a therapeutic challenge because of the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with it and the possibility of development of drug resistance during therapy. Standard antibiotic regimes against P. aeruginosa are increasingly becoming ineffective due to the rise in drug resistance. With the scope for developing new antibiotics being limited, alternative treatment options are gaining more and more attention. A number of recent studies reported complementary and alternative treatment options to combat P. aeruginosa infections. Quorum sensing inhibitors, phages, probiotics, anti-microbial peptides, vaccine antigens and antimicrobial nanoparticles have the potential to act against drug resistant strains. Unfortunately, most studies considering alternative treatment options are still confined in the pre-clinical stages, although some of these findings have tremendous potential to be turned into valuable therapeutics. This review is intended to raise awareness of several novel approaches that can be considered further for combating drug resistant P. aeruginosa infections.
Insights
Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are a growing threat. This review highlights novel alternative therapies like phages and nanoparticles to combat these challenging hospital-acquired infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections, leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
- Increasing antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa renders standard treatments ineffective.
- Limited development of new antibiotics necessitates exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and raise awareness of novel approaches for combating drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
- To highlight the potential of complementary and alternative treatments against resistant strains.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on alternative treatment options for P. aeruginosa.
- Identification and categorization of emerging therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Several alternative treatments show promise against drug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
- These include quorum sensing inhibitors, bacteriophages, probiotics, antimicrobial peptides, vaccine antigens, and antimicrobial nanoparticles.
- Most alternative treatments are currently in pre-clinical stages.
Conclusions:
- Novel therapeutic strategies are crucial for managing drug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
- Further research and development of these alternative approaches hold significant therapeutic potential.
- These strategies offer hope for overcoming the limitations of conventional antibiotic therapy.
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