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Dietary patterns and successful ageing: a systematic review
Catherine M Milte1, Sarah A McNaughton2
1Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, VIC, 3125, Australia. catherine.milte@deakin.edu.au.
European Journal of Nutrition
|December 24, 2015
Summary
A healthy diet is linked to better health outcomes in older adults. This review highlights the need for more longitudinal studies on diet and successful aging, especially concerning quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Nutrition significantly influences chronic disease development in later life.
- Dietary patterns are crucial for maintaining health and well-being in older populations.
- Understanding the link between diet and aging is vital for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review studies on dietary patterns and their association with health outcomes in older adults.
- To examine the impact of diet on quality of life, physical function, cognitive function, and mental health.
- To identify research gaps in the field of nutrition and successful aging.
Main Methods:
- Conducted comprehensive literature searches across multiple databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, etc.) and hand searching.
- Included studies published from 1980 to December 2014, focusing on community-dwelling adults aged 45+.
- Utilized dietary indices or statistical approaches for dietary pattern assessment and assessed risk of bias.
Main Results:
- Included 34 articles (11 cross-sectional, 23 longitudinal) examining dietary patterns and health outcomes.
- Most studies focused on cognitive function (n=18) and mental health (n=10), with fewer on physical function (n=8) and quality of life (n=6).
- A healthier diet was generally associated with better health outcomes, despite varied assessment methods.
Conclusions:
- The current body of research on dietary patterns and successful aging is limited.
- Further longitudinal research is necessary, particularly for quality-of-life outcomes.
- Findings support the global importance of a healthy diet for the aging population.
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