Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents
06:51

Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2018

8.2K

Deregulation and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in arthritic diseases

Rita Vicente1, Danièle Noël1, Yves-Marie Pers2

  • 1INSERM U1183, Institut de Médecine Régénérative et Biothérapies, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Eloi, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
|December 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key epigenetic regulators in rheumatic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Understanding miRNA pathways controlling cell function and inflammation is crucial for developing new therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Rheumatic disorders involve epigenetic abnormalities affecting musculoskeletal and immune cells.
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and immune cells are deregulated in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review microRNA (miRNA)-mediated regulatory pathways in rheumatic diseases.
  • To highlight the role of miRNAs in cell proliferation, inflammation, and bone remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of key studies identifying miRNAs regulating immune cell fate and MSC differentiation.
  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in immune cell function, MSC properties, and extracellular matrix remodeling.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators of cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory mediator production, and bone remodeling.
  • Specific miRNAs influence immune cell differentiation and MSC immunomodulatory properties, altered in RA and OA.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases.
  • Further research into miRNA regulatory pathways is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies for RA and OA.

More Related Videos

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

1.4K
Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness08:52

Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness

Published on: March 18, 2022

3.6K

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.3K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
24.6K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

12.0K
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
6.0K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
13.9K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
3.2K