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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Waveguide Technology
    • Integrated Optics
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Adiabatic light transfer is crucial for optical signal processing.
    • Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is a key material for integrated optics due to its electro-optic properties.
    • Achieving broadband adiabatic coupling in waveguide structures remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To realize and investigate adiabatic light transfer in lithium niobate (LiNbO3) waveguides.
    • To determine the optimal structural parameters for adiabatic passage in a three-waveguide system.
    • To achieve broadband adiabatic coupling with high efficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a three-waveguide coupling configuration with an inclined intermediate waveguide.
    • Investigation of adiabatic conditions through structural parameter analysis.
    • Utilizing both simulation and experimental approaches to determine optimal parameters.
    • Characterization of coupling efficiency and bandwidth for TE- and TM-polarized modes.

    Main Results:

    • Successful realization of adiabatic light transfer in LiNbO3 waveguides.
    • Optimal structure parameters for adiabatic conditions were identified.
    • Broadband adiabatic couplings achieved: ~456 nm for TE modes and ~185 nm for TM modes.
    • Peak coupling efficiencies exceeded 0.96 for a 2-cm device.
    • Longer devices (5 cm) enhanced adiabaticity, particularly for TM modes.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed inclined waveguide configuration effectively facilitates adiabatic light transfer in LiNbO3.
    • The study provides optimal parameters for broadband adiabatic couplers in LiNbO3.
    • The findings contribute to the development of advanced integrated photonic devices.