Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test I01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test I

1.0K
The Wald-Wolfowitz test, also known as the runs test, is a nonparametric statistical test used to assess the randomness of a sequence of two different types of elements (e.g., positive/negative values, successes/failures). It examines whether the order of the elements in a sequence is random or if there is a pattern or trend present. This nonparametric test applies to any ordered data despite the population and sample data distribution, even if a higher sample size is available.
The test works...
1.0K
Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

15.7K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
15.7K
Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

18.9K
A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
18.9K
Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II

646
The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
For binary data, runs are identified using symbols such as + and −, or equivalently, 1s and 0s. In...
646
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

9.3K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
9.3K
Bootstrapping01:24

Bootstrapping

931
The term "bootstrap" originated in the 19th century as a metaphor for self-improvement or achieving something independently, without external assistance. This concept extends to statistical bootstrapping, a self-contained method for estimating population parameters through resampling, even though it can be computationally intensive. Developed by the American statistician Dr. Bradley Efron in 1979, bootstrapping provides a robust way to perform inference when the original sample size is...
931

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Risk factors on the unintentional injuries among rural children aged 0-12 in Shaanxi province].

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi·2013
Same author

Adcyap1r1 genotype, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression among women exposed to childhood maltreatment.

Depression and anxiety·2013
Same author

Current status and challenge of Human Parasitology teaching in China.

Pathogens and global health·2012
Same author

Molecular characterization of heterogeneous mesenchymal stem cells with single-cell transcriptomes.

Biotechnology advances·2012
Same author

Surgical treatment of ossification of the ligamentum flavum associated with dural ossification in the thoracic spine.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·2012
Same author

Broadband focusing ultrasonic transducers based on dimpled LiNbO3 plate with inversion layer.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2012
Same journal

ETT-CKGE: Efficient Task-driven Tokens for Continual Knowledge Graph Embedding.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2026
Same journal

Differentially Private Bayesian Neural Networks on Accuracy, Privacy and Reliability.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2023
Same journal

Heavy-tailed kernels reveal a finer cluster structure in t-SNE visualisations.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2020
Same journal

Hierarchical Active Learning with Proportion Feedback on Regions.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2019
Same journal

Discovery of Causal Models that Contain Latent Variables through Bayesian Scoring of Independence Constraints.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2018
Same journal

AUC-Maximized Deep Convolutional Neural Fields for Protein Sequence Labeling.

Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)·2017
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Lower-Limb Biomechanical Characteristics Associated with Unplanned Gait Termination Under Different Walking Speeds
05:52

Lower-Limb Biomechanical Characteristics Associated with Unplanned Gait Termination Under Different Walking Speeds

Published on: August 25, 2020

5.1K

Fast Inbound Top-K Query for Random Walk with Restart.

Chao Zhang, Shan Jiang, Yucheng Chen

    Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases : European Conference, ECML PKDD ... : Proceedings. ECML PKDD (Conference)
    |December 29, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We introduce the inbound top-k (Ink) query for graph analysis, using random walk with restart (RWR) to find k nearest neighbors. Our novel Squeeze and Ripple algorithms efficiently process Ink queries on large graphs.

    More Related Videos

    Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
    04:13

    Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

    Published on: February 8, 2019

    7.3K
    Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
    06:44

    Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

    Published on: September 23, 2025

    687

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 28, 2026

    Lower-Limb Biomechanical Characteristics Associated with Unplanned Gait Termination Under Different Walking Speeds
    05:52

    Lower-Limb Biomechanical Characteristics Associated with Unplanned Gait Termination Under Different Walking Speeds

    Published on: August 25, 2020

    5.1K
    Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
    04:13

    Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

    Published on: February 8, 2019

    7.3K
    Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
    06:44

    Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

    Published on: September 23, 2025

    687

    Area of Science:

    • Graph theory
    • Network analysis
    • Data mining

    Background:

    • Random Walk with Restart (RWR) is a key node proximity measure for graphs, capturing structure and noise robustness.
    • Existing RWR computation methods struggle with efficiency and accuracy for large-scale graph queries.
    • The inbound top-k (Ink) query, based on RWR, seeks k nodes with highest weighted RWR scores to a query node.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the limitations of existing RWR techniques for the novel Ink query.
    • To develop accurate and efficient algorithms for processing Ink queries on large graphs.
    • To enable applications like traffic scheduling, disease treatment, and targeted advertising through effective Ink query processing.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed two novel algorithms: Squeeze and Ripple, for accurate and incremental Ink query processing.
    • Squeeze: Iteratively uses matrix-vector multiplication to estimate lower/upper bounds for all nodes.
    • Ripple: Focuses on nodes within a 'vicinity' of the query node, propagating scores from the boundary.

    Main Results:

    • Ink queries successfully retrieve meaningful results from real-life graph datasets.
    • The proposed Squeeze and Ripple algorithms demonstrate significant speedups, being orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art methods.
    • Both algorithms provide accurate answers to the Ink query in a fast and incremental manner.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel Ink query, leveraging RWR, offers valuable insights for various applications.
    • Squeeze and Ripple algorithms provide an efficient and accurate solution for Ink queries on large graphs.
    • The developed methods significantly advance the state-of-the-art in graph query processing.