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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
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Mapping Depression in Schizophrenia: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Veena Kumari1, Emmanuelle Peters2, Ashley Guinn2

  • 1Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; veena.kumari@kcl.ac.uk.

Schizophrenia Bulletin
|December 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Depression in schizophrenia patients shows increased brain activity in response to fearful faces. This finding sheds light on the neural basis of depression in psychosis, potentially aiding future treatment strategies.

Keywords:
depressive symptomsfMRIfearpsychosisthalamus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Depressive symptoms are prevalent in schizophrenia, impacting relapse rates, quality of life, and mortality.
  • Neural mechanisms of depression in psychosis remain poorly understood.
  • Altered brain responses to negative affect are observed in depressive disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain responses to emotive facial expressions in individuals with psychosis.
  • To correlate these brain responses with the severity of depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess brain activity.
  • Participants viewed facial expressions (fear, anger, happiness, neutral) and a control condition.
  • Depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).

Main Results:

  • In patients with psychosis, higher depression scores correlated with increased activation in the left thalamus, putamen-globus pallidus, insula, and frontal/central gyri during fearful expressions.
  • Patients with moderate-to-severe depression exhibited significantly higher activity in these regions compared to those with milder depression and healthy controls.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of heightened brain response to fearful facial expressions in individuals with psychosis and depression.
  • This enhanced response may be linked to the perception of environmental threat in this population.