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Are long corolla tubes in Pedicularis driven by pollinator selection?

Shuang-Quan Huang1, Xiang-Ping Wang2, Shi-Guo Sun1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
|December 31, 2015
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Summary

Longer flower tubes in Pedicularis plants, hypothesized to attract pollinators, did not prove more attractive or yield more seeds in field experiments. The evolutionary drivers for these long corolla tubes remain unclear.

Keywords:
BumblebeesPediculariscorolla tube lengthfloral evolutionlong-tongued

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Plant-Pollinator Interactions
  • Floral Morphology

Background:

  • Long corolla tubes in plants are often linked to specialized pollinators with long tongues.
  • Pedicularis species exhibit exceptionally long corolla tubes (over 10 cm) and lack nectar, relying on bumblebee pollination.
  • These long tubes may serve a visual signaling function for pollinators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that longer corolla tubes in Pedicularis enhance pollinator attraction.
  • To determine if longer corolla tubes lead to increased seed production.
  • To investigate the role of floral morphology in the pollination strategy of nectarless plants.

Main Methods:

  • Field experiments were conducted on two Pedicularis species.
  • Corolla tube length was experimentally manipulated (shortened and lengthened).
  • Pollinator visitation rates and subsequent seed set were quantified for different tube lengths.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to the hypothesis, longer corolla tubes did not significantly increase pollinator attraction.
  • Seed production was not positively correlated with increased corolla tube length.
  • The visual attractiveness hypothesis for long tubes in nectarless Pedicularis was not supported.

Conclusions:

  • The study failed to support the pollinator attraction hypothesis for the evolution of long corolla tubes in Pedicularis.
  • The adaptive significance of extreme corolla tube length in these species remains an open question.
  • Further research is needed to uncover the evolutionary pressures shaping floral traits in Pedicularis.