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Sleep Disturbances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Althea Robinson-Shelton1, Beth A Malow2

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Children with neurodevelopmental disorders frequently experience sleep disturbances like insomnia or hypersomnia. This review covers the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of these sleep issues in affected children.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).
  • Sleep issues are often integral to diagnostic criteria for many NDDs.
  • The etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of sleep disturbances in children with NDDs.
  • To focus on hypersomnia and insomnia symptoms in this population.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview for clinicians and researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on sleep disturbances in NDDs.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical presentations.
  • Synthesis of current treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • Sleep disturbances manifest as insomnia or hypersomnia in children with NDDs.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical history and diagnostic tests.
  • Treatment strategies are tailored to specific sleep disorders and underlying NDDs.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disturbances are a significant challenge in NDDs.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management.
  • Integrated approaches are needed to address sleep problems in this vulnerable population.