Green synthesis of nanoparticles and its potential application

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Nanotechnology involves materials with nanoscale dimensions (1-100 nm).
• Conventional nanoparticle synthesis uses physico-chemical methods.
• Purity is critical for nanoparticles in medical and biological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review microbial and plant-based green synthesis of nanoparticles.
• To highlight the advantages of biogenic reduction over chemical methods.
• To explore potential applications of green-synthesized nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

• Biogenic reduction using natural products as reducing and capping agents.
• Utilizing extracts from microbes or plants for nanoparticle synthesis.
• Investigating the influence of biological entities and concentrations on NP characteristics.

Main Results:

• Green synthesis provides an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative.
• Biogenic reduction yields pure nanoparticles, suitable for sensitive applications.
• Control over size and shape of nanoparticles is achievable through biological agents.

Conclusions:

• Microbe and plant-mediated synthesis is a sustainable route for producing diverse nanoparticles.
• Green-synthesized nanoparticles offer significant potential in various fields, especially medicine.
• This review covers green synthesis of Ag, Au, Cu, Fe, Pd, Ru, PbS, CdS, CuO, CeO2, Fe3O4, TiO2, and ZnO NPs.