Gastric bronchogenic cyst presenting as a gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Bronchogenic cyst (BC) is congenital abnormality of the tracheobronchial bud derived from the primitive foregut which is predominantly found in the mediastinum. Surgery remains the most common treatment when malignancy is suspected, or when there are presenting. Only infrequently, is BC located at an extrathoracic site. Although rarely located in the stomach, BC should be considered as a differential diagnosis of gastric neoplasm. For these cases, surgery remains a common choice. Minimally invasive procedures such as endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle biopsy aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) should also be considered when the diagnosis of BC is suspected. They are valuable diagnostic methods that can assess and identify the location of the lesion, and facilitate histological examination of the cyst. In some cases of more superficial lesions ESD can take the place of surgery as it avoids unnecessary complications of a more invasive procedure. Here we present a case of gastric BC located in the fundus of the stomach that resembled a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). We discuss its embryology, pathogenesis, radiological, clinical and treatment modalities. We also provide a thorough review of 14 cases (including our own case), which completely meet pathological criteria has been undertaken focusing on symptom, location, treatment, and histological features.