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Force feedback vessel ligation simulator in knot-tying proficiency training.
Justin L Hsu1, James R Korndorffer2, Kimberly M Brown1
1Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-0737, USA.
American Journal of Surgery
|January 3, 2016
Summary
This study shows a new force feedback simulator improves knot-tying skills by reducing exerted force and errors. The deliberate practice curriculum is efficient and effective for surgical training.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Skills Training
- Medical Simulation Technology
Background:
- Knot tying is a critical surgical skill.
- A novel force feedback simulator was developed to measure forces during knot tying.
- This pilot study investigated the simulator's utility in a deliberate practice curriculum.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a force feedback simulator in a knot-tying curriculum.
- To assess the impact of real-time force feedback on learning knot-tying proficiency.
- To determine the time efficiency and feasibility of the training program.
Main Methods:
- A simulator with silastic tubing and a force sensor was utilized.
- Knot quality was objectively measured using digital calipers.
- Participants underwent pre- and post-curriculum assessments with statistical comparison (Student t test).
Main Results:
- Participants significantly reduced peak force (.61 N ± .22 vs 1.42 N ± .53, P < .001) post-curriculum.
- The incidence of air knots decreased from 27% to 10%.
- Proficiency was achieved in an average of 11.7 knots within 19.4 minutes.
Conclusions:
- Real-time force feedback is feasible for teaching delicate knot-tying skills.
- The curriculum is time-efficient and can be completed within a reasonable duration.
- The simulator-based training may serve as an effective pre-surgical warm-up.
