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Infant Hearing Screening in India: Current Status and Way Forward
Suneela Garg1, Ritesh Singh2, Deeksha Khurana3
1Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Insights
Universal newborn hearing screening is crucial for early detection of hearing impairment in infants. Early identification and intervention can prevent irreversible damage and reduce the societal burden of deafness.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Public Health
- Neonatal Care
Background:
- Hearing impairment is the most common sensory deficit, significantly impacting social, educational, and economic well-being.
- 5-6 out of 1000 neonates have hearing impairment, often undetected until irreversible damage occurs.
- Delayed diagnosis in infants leads to long-term negative consequences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To advocate for universal newborn hearing screening programs.
- To highlight the importance of early identification of hearing impairment in neonates.
- To propose the implementation of screening under India's National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD).
Main Methods:
- Utilizing available screening tools administered by trained health workers.
- Implementing universal screening for all newborns.
- Leveraging the framework of the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD).
Main Results:
- Universal screening enables early detection of hearing impairment in newborns.
- Timely identification allows for prompt intervention, preventing irreversible damage.
- The NPPCD can facilitate the widespread application of these screening programs.
Conclusions:
- Universal newborn hearing screening is essential to mitigate the societal burden of deafness.
- Early detection and intervention are critical for positive developmental outcomes in infants with hearing impairment.
- While initial costs exist, the long-term benefits of screening programs outweigh the financial investment.
Abstract:
Loss or impairment of auditory sense is the most prevalent deficit of all the sensory organs. With virtually no mortality, hearing impairment causes huge impact on one's social, educational and economic well-being. There are 5-6 infants who are hard of hearing out of 1000 neonates. They will not be identified till they attain 2 or more years of age, by then irreversible damage would have been done. Universal screening for hearing of new-borns is the only way to decrease the burden of deafness in our society. There are tools available which can be administered by health workers after initial training for screening the infants for hearing impairment. Under the aegis of National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD) of India universal screening can and should be applied. The programme would entail additional financial burden for the initial purchase of screening machines and rehabilitating the identified children.
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