Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

41.0K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
41.0K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

4.7K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
4.7K
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

9.3K
9.3K
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

53.0K
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
53.0K
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

15.2K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
15.2K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

13.5K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
13.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Immediate implant placement in thin buccal bone phenotype: CBCT-based retrospective comparison between DBBM and H-PRF bone block.

Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology·2026
Same author

Treatment of Severe Periodontitis using Exosome-Mediated Combination Therapies: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Oral health & preventive dentistry·2026
Same author

Use of Liquid Platelet-Rich Fibrin (Liquid PRF) as a New, Effective Regenerative Treatment for Steroid-Induced Subcutaneous and Dermal Atrophy.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Understanding exosomes in regenerative dentistry.

Periodontology 2000·2026
Same author

Efficacy of H-PRF Bone Block Versus DBBM in Transcrestal Sinus Floor Elevation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Clinical implant dentistry and related research·2026
Same author

Understanding exosomes in diabetic wound healing.

Periodontology 2000·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

193

OsteoMacs: Key players around bone biomaterials.

Richard J Miron1, Dieter D Bosshardt1

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.

Biomaterials
|January 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) are crucial for bone regeneration. Further research into their roles with biomaterials is essential for developing effective bone grafts and implants.

Keywords:
Biomaterial integrationBone regenerationForeign body cellsMacrophageMulti-nucleated giant cellsOsteoMacsOsteoimmunologyTissue response

More Related Videos

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

13.4K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions
04:32

Half-segmental Diaphyseal Bone Defect Model in Rats for Evaluating Bone Substitute Performance in Load-bearing Regions

Published on: December 30, 2025

193
Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

13.4K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) are key to bone formation and remodeling.
  • Monocyte/macrophage lineage cells interact with biomaterials upon implantation.
  • These cells exhibit plastic phenotypes, differentiating into M1/M2 macrophages or fusing into osteoclasts/multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limited understanding of OsteoMac and MNGC responses to bone regeneration biomaterials.
  • To address contrasting hypotheses regarding MNGCs' roles in biomaterial integration (rejection vs. regeneration).
  • To emphasize the need for further research on OsteoMacs and MNGCs in bone tissue integration.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes existing research on OsteoMacs and MNGCs in the context of biomaterials.
  • It analyzes studies on cell differentiation, fusion, and marker expression around implants.

Main Results:

  • OsteoMacs play significant roles in bone biology.
  • MNGCs, previously linked to biomaterial rejection, are now implicated in wound healing and regeneration via M2 marker expression.
  • Contrasting roles of MNGCs necessitate further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding OsteoMac and MNGC functions is critical for improving biomaterial development.
  • Further study is required to elucidate their roles in the integration of dental/orthopedic implants and bone grafting materials.
  • This knowledge will advance the design of osteo-compatible and osteo-promotive biomaterials.