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Clinical manifestations of infective endocarditis in relation to infectious agents: An 8-year retrospective study

Michal Pazdernik1, Josef Kautzner1, Jan Sochman1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, Czech Republic.

Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
|January 8, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (IE) leads to higher rates of embolism, sepsis, and mortality compared to other causes. Patients with S. aureus IE face significantly worse short-term and long-term survival outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection affecting heart valves.
  • Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common pathogen in IE, but its specific impact on outcomes requires detailed comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical complications and outcomes of IE episodes caused by S. aureus versus other frequent etiological agents.
  • To identify predictors of mortality in IE.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 117 IE episodes over eight years at a major teaching institution.
  • Comparison of clinical outcomes, including systemic embolism, sepsis, mortality, and cardiac complications, between S. aureus and other IE etiologies.

Main Results:

  • S. aureus IE was significantly associated with higher rates of systemic embolism (41.7% vs 18.5%) and severe sepsis/septic shock (33.3% vs 3.7%).
  • In-hospital mortality was significantly higher for S. aureus IE (33% vs 12.3%).
  • Long-term survival was significantly worse for S. aureus IE (5.48 median years vs 13.78 median years).

Conclusions:

  • S. aureus IE is associated with increased short-term and long-term mortality.
  • Systemic embolism and severe sepsis/septic shock were identified as predictors of in-hospital mortality in IE.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureuscomplications of infective endocarditisinfective endocarditismortalityseptic shocksystemic embolism

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