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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Interplay Between Metabolism and Oncogenic Process: Role of microRNAs.

Aastha Arora1, Saurabh Singh2, Anant Narayan Bhatt2

  • 1Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.; Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.

Translational Oncogenomics
|January 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism, a process influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs), to promote growth and spread. Targeting cancer metabolism and miRNA regulation offers promising therapeutic strategies for improved cancer treatment.

Keywords:
angiogenesiscancer therapycell signalingglycolysismetabolic reprogramingmetastasismicroRNAtumorigenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Cancer is a complex genetic disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
  • Metabolic reprogramming is a critical hallmark of cancer, fueling tumorigenesis and metastasis.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators involved in the interplay between oncogenesis and metabolic alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer development and progression.
  • To emphasize the regulatory function of miRNAs in linking metabolic changes to oncogenic processes.
  • To underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting cancer metabolism and miRNA pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on cancer metabolism and miRNA regulation.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
  • Exploration of the interplay between oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and miRNAs in metabolic control.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic reprogramming is essential for cancer cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis.
  • miRNAs significantly influence metabolic pathways, impacting oncogenesis.
  • Targeting metabolic pathways and miRNA functions presents a promising therapeutic avenue.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate relationship between cancer metabolism and miRNA regulation is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • The integration of knowledge in metabolism, miRNA research, and therapeutic response may revolutionize cancer management.
  • Targeting metabolic reprogramming holds significant promise for developing effective cancer therapeutics and adjuvants.