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Ultraviolet exposure from indoor tanning devices: a systematic review
L T N Nilsen1, M Hannevik1, M B Veierød2
1Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, NO-1332, Østerås, Norway.
The British Journal of Dermatology
|January 11, 2016
Summary
Indoor tanning devices emit high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, increasing skin cancer risk. Modern devices show higher UV irradiance than natural sunlight, with concerningly high ultraviolet A (UVA) exposure.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Photobiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Indoor tanning devices are significant sources of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, encompassing both UVB and UVA wavelengths.
- The use of these devices is linked to an increased risk of developing cutaneous melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and assess UV measurements from indoor tanning devices.
- To compare UV irradiance levels, wavelength distribution, and similarities to natural sunlight from these devices.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a systematic review following MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched major scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) up to May 2015.
- Included 18 studies that measured UV parameters in indoor tanning devices.
Main Results:
- Most studies reported higher erythema-weighted UV irradiances compared to natural sunlight, with significant variations between devices.
- While mean unweighted UVB irradiances were generally lower than natural summer sun, mean unweighted UVA irradiances were substantially higher.
- Compliance with established irradiance limits was reported in only nine of the reviewed studies.
Conclusions:
- Modern indoor tanning devices exhibit high UVA output, which is concerning due to UVA's carcinogenic potential and limited protective effect against further UV exposure.
- The findings highlight potential risks associated with indoor tanning, particularly concerning the high UVA exposure levels.
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