Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

1.1K
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
1.1K
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

630
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
630
Physiological Control of Respiration01:23

Physiological Control of Respiration

6.8K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
6.8K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

1.5K
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
1.5K
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

2.0K
Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
2.0K
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

739
Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
739

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative Study of Hemodynamic Indices of Fluid Responsiveness by Electrical Cardiometry and Thermodilution Methods After Passive Leg Raise Test in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia·2026
Same author

Plazomicin in multidrug-resistant complicated urinary tract infections: a scoping review.

Therapeutic advances in infectious disease·2025
Same author

CytoSorb® hemoadsorption for emergency aortic surgery after ticagrelor loading.

Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2025
Same author

Anesthesia for lung transplantation: A narrative review.

Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology·2025
Same author

Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Anidulafungin and Caspofungin in Invasive Candida Infections in Intensive Care Units in India: A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter, Open-Label Study.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Acute Mitral Regurgitation Following Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Replacement.

Annals of cardiac anaesthesia·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
09:54

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

9.5K

Management of refractory hypoxemia.

Chitra Mehta1, Yatin Mehta

  • 1Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesiology, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia
|January 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical ventilation is key for acute respiratory failure, especially Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Rescue therapies like neuromuscular blockade and prone positioning can reduce mortality but require careful risk-benefit assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory failure necessitates mechanical ventilation.
  • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a primary cause of respiratory failure, often leading to high mortality.
  • Refractory hypoxemia despite lung protective ventilation presents a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of mechanical ventilation in managing severe acute respiratory failure and ARDS.
  • To discuss additional therapies for persistent hypoxemia in ARDS.
  • To highlight the importance and challenges of rescue therapies in ARDS management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mechanical ventilation strategies for ARDS.
  • Analysis of adjunctive therapies for refractory hypoxemia.

More Related Videos

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing
05:45

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.5K
Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
09:54

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

9.5K
Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing
05:45

Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.5K
Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

7.7K
  • Discussion of evidence supporting specific rescue interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • Lung protective ventilation is standard for ARDS.
    • Inhaled vasodilators, prone positioning, recruitment maneuvers, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, neuromuscular blockade (NMB), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are potential rescue therapies.
    • Neuromuscular blockade and prone ventilation are associated with reduced ARDS mortality.

    Conclusions:

    • Rescue therapies for ARDS are crucial but complex.
    • Balancing risks and benefits of rescue therapies requires deep clinical knowledge.
    • Effective management of ARDS involves optimizing ventilation and considering advanced rescue strategies.