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Related Concept Videos

Behaviorism01:28

Behaviorism

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The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
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Social Psychology and Individual Behavior01:29

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Social psychology examines how group dynamics, emotions, and cultural influences shape individual actions and decision-making. These elements interact to form behavioral patterns that affect personal choices and social interactions.The Role of Group DynamicsGroups play a crucial role in shaping behavior by reinforcing norms and expectations. Individuals derive a sense of self from group membership, often aligning their behaviors with group norms to maintain social cohesion. For example, an...
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The Behavioral Perspective on Personality01:19

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Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.
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Impact of Individuals on Individuals01:30

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Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
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Attribution Theory00:56

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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What is Behavior?00:54

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Behaviors are actions that an organism engages in—they can be related to finding food, reproducing, defending against threats, and many other possible actions. Behaviors include activities related to the environment around the animal—such as migration—as well as social interactions within a species or population. Many behaviors involve motor output—that is, muscle movements—while others involve less visible actions, such as learning.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making
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THE STRUCTURE OF ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR.

R M Stogdill1

  • 1a The Ohio State University .

Multivariate Behavioral Research
|January 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study explored supervisory behavior and its impact on manufacturing teams. Key factors influencing employee satisfaction, group performance, and morale were identified through leader and subordinate feedback.

Area of Science:

  • Industrial-Organizational Psychology
  • Management Science

Background:

  • Understanding the dynamics of supervisory roles is crucial for organizational effectiveness.
  • Previous research indicates a link between leadership behavior and team outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key dimensions of supervisory behavior.
  • To explore the relationship between supervisory actions, employee satisfaction, and group performance.
  • To analyze factors influencing team morale and cohesiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Survey methodology involving 31 supervisors (foremen, general foremen, production manager) and their subordinates.
  • Intercorrelation and factor analysis of 30 variables related to leadership, productivity, morale, and cohesiveness.
  • Multi-rater feedback system (superiors describing their superiors, and subordinates describing their supervisors).

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Main Results:

  • Factor analysis yielded 14 distinct factors.
  • Identified dimensions encompass employee satisfaction, supervisory behavior and status, and group performance.
  • Behavioral and performance metrics were significantly correlated.

Conclusions:

  • Supervisory behavior significantly impacts employee satisfaction, morale, and group performance in manufacturing settings.
  • The identified 14 factors provide a framework for understanding effective leadership.
  • Further research can utilize these dimensions to develop targeted leadership training programs.