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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

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Published on: April 10, 2018

Identifying and functionally characterizing tissue-specific and ubiquitously expressed human lncRNAs.

Chunjie Jiang¹, Yongsheng Li¹, Zheng Zhao¹

¹College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.

|January 14, 2016

Summary

Researchers identified ubiquitously expressed (UE) and tissue-specific (TS) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). UE lncRNAs are linked to genomic structure and transcriptional regulation, offering new ways to predict lncRNA function.

Keywords:

epigenetic regulation functional prediction genomic structure tissue-specific lncRNAs ubiquitously expressed lncRNAs

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Transcriptomics

Background:

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in cellular functions.
Distinguishing ubiquitously expressed (UE) lncRNAs from tissue-specific (TS) lncRNAs is vital for understanding their distinct roles.
Advances in transcriptome sequencing enable large-scale lncRNA characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

To assemble and functionally characterize a consensus lncRNA transcriptome from diverse human tissues.
To identify and differentiate between UE and TS lncRNAs.
To explore the distinct features and regulatory mechanisms of UE and TS lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

Curated hundreds of RNA-sequencing datasets from normal human tissues across 16 independent studies.
Assembled a consensus lncRNA transcriptome.
Analyzed genomic location, conservation, epigenetic modifications, and regulatory patterns of identified lncRNAs.

Main Results:

Identified 1,184 UE lncRNAs and 2,583 TS lncRNAs.
UE lncRNAs are associated with genomic compaction, conserved exons, and promoter regions.
UE lncRNAs exhibit distinct transcriptional regulation (especially enhancers), epigenetic modifications, and post-transcriptional regulation.

Conclusions:

Proposed a novel method to predict UE and TS lncRNA functions based on genomic location and epigenetic similarities.
Characterization provides a foundation for lncRNA genomics.
Findings contribute to understanding complex disease mechanisms involving lncRNAs.