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Single Cell Measurement of Dopamine Release with Simultaneous Voltage-clamp and Amperometry

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A CMOS Amperometric System for Multi-Neurotransmitter Detection.

Genevieve Massicotte, Sandro Carrara, Giovanni Di Micheli

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

|January 14, 2016

Summary

This study developed a novel biosensor for real-time, in vivo monitoring of brain neurotransmitters like dopamine and glutamate. The integrated potentiostat circuit and carbon nanotube-functionalized electrodes enable selective and sensitive detection.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Understanding brain chemical signaling requires precise in vivo monitoring of neurotransmitters.
Existing methods face challenges in selectivity and real-time multi-target analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an integrated potentiostat transducer circuit and selective electrode interface for in vivo neurotransmitter monitoring.
To achieve sensitive and selective detection of dopamine and glutamate using a custom biosensor.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a custom 2-electrode time-based potentiostat circuit using 0.13 μm CMOS technology.
Functionalization of a multi-working electrode chip with carbon nanotubes (CNT)-based coatings.
Experimental testing with varying concentrations of dopamine and glutamate, comparing results with a commercial potentiostat.

Main Results:

The integrated potentiostat circuit operates with a wide dynamic input current range (20 pA to 600 nA) at low power (56 μW) and high sampling frequency (1.25 kHz).
CNT-based coatings demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for both electroactive dopamine and non-electroactive glutamate.
Experimental results closely matched those obtained with a commercially available potentiostat.

Conclusions:

The proposed biosensor successfully validates the functionality of the integrated potentiostat and selective electrode interface.
The developed system shows significant potential for the selective, real-time detection of multiple neurochemicals in vivo.
This technology can advance the study of complex brain signaling pathways.