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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Superconducting circuits

Background:

  • Quantum systems exhibit wave-particle duality, demonstrated in experiments like the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment explores this duality by making measurement choices after a particle has entered the system.
  • Previous quantum versions used external quantum ancillas to control classical beam splitters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize a quantum delayed-choice experiment with a quantum beam splitter.
  • To observe both wave and particle aspects of a quantum system within a single setup.
  • To investigate the transition of a quantum beam splitter to a classical object via decoherence.

Main Methods:

  • Configuration of a superconducting quantum circuit as a Ramsey interferometer.
  • Implementing a quantum beam splitter capable of existing in a superposition of active and inactive states.
  • Verification of the quantum beam splitter's state using Wigner function negativity.
  • Monitoring interferometer output to study decoherence effects.

Main Results:

  • Successfully realized a quantum delayed-choice experiment with a controllable quantum beam splitter.
  • Demonstrated that wave and particle behaviors can be observed simultaneously in one setup.
  • Observed the transition of the quantum beam splitter to a classical state due to decoherence.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a novel approach to studying quantum wave-particle duality.
  • This experiment provides insights into the quantum-to-classical transition in superconducting circuits.
  • The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of quantum measurement and decoherence.