Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

4.0K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
4.0K
Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

5.9K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
5.9K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

3.5K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
3.5K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

8.9K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
8.9K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

4.1K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
4.1K
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

3.3K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neural tracking of prosodic and statistical rhythms jointly supports artificial language learning.

iScience·2026
Same author

ALPARC: artificial languages with phonological and acoustic rhythmicity controls.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

How Low-Frequency Neural Activity Structures Language in Time.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Grammar acquisition in preschool children is related to white matter maturation of the dorsal language network.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Taming Waste Heterogeneity for Plastics Circularity with Optimized Sample Preparation Protocols for Quality Assessment.

Polymers·2026
Same author

Soil-biodegradable mulch film: Distinguishing between persistent microplastics and fragments released from certified soil-biodegradable products.

The Science of the total environment·2025
Same journal

Spatial frequency channels implement a mental ruler in spatial vision.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Exploring the Link Between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Measured Brain Diffusivity During Wakefulness and Sleep Macrostructure in the Elderly.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Closed-loop adaptation of transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity with electroencephalography feedback.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Volumetric postmortem MRI of the medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: methodological advances and implications for in vivo biomarker development.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Neural responses to equity and inequity when receiving vicarious rewards for self and charity during adolescence.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Cognitive Strategy-based neuromodulation optimizes neural communication to improve working memory.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

46.7K

How the brain attunes to sentence processing: Relating behavior, structure, and function.

Anja Fengler1, Lars Meyer1, Angela D Friederici1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

Neuroimage
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex sentence processing develops late due to brain maturation and verbal working memory (vWM) expansion. Functional selectivity in brain regions like the pars opercularis (PO) and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) emerges with age, improving comprehension.

Keywords:
Brain developmentFunctional selectivityLanguage networkSentence processingVerbal working memory

More Related Videos

Microdissection of Mouse Brain into Functionally and Anatomically Different Regions
08:06

Microdissection of Mouse Brain into Functionally and Anatomically Different Regions

Published on: February 15, 2021

58.2K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
13:12

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping

Published on: August 12, 2019

46.7K
Microdissection of Mouse Brain into Functionally and Anatomically Different Regions
08:06

Microdissection of Mouse Brain into Functionally and Anatomically Different Regions

Published on: February 15, 2021

58.2K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Complex sentence comprehension develops later than other language skills.
  • Brain maturation and verbal working memory (vWM) expansion are hypothesized contributors to this developmental lag.
  • Understanding the neural and cognitive underpinnings of this late-developing ability is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing the development of complex sentence processing.
  • To examine functional brain activity, brain structure, and behavioral performance across different age groups.
  • To determine the roles of structural brain maturation and vWM expansion in functional development.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed functional brain activity during complex sentence processing in 5-6 year olds, 7-8 year olds, and adults.
  • Analyzed brain structure in language-related regions of interest (ROIs).
  • Measured behavioral comprehension of complex sentences and performance on an independent vWM test.

Main Results:

  • A similar neural network, including left pars opercularis (PO) and left inferior parietal lobe/posterior superior temporal gyrus (IPL/pSTG), was observed in children and adults.
  • Functional activation in PO and IPL/pSTG predicted sentence comprehension across all ages.
  • Only adults exhibited functional selectivity (increased activation for complex sentences) in these regions, predicted by gray matter reduction and vWM span.

Conclusions:

  • Structural brain maturation (gray matter reduction) and verbal working memory (vWM) expansion are key to developing functional selectivity in language regions.
  • This functional selectivity underlies more efficient complex sentence processing during development.
  • The findings highlight the interplay between brain structure, cognitive capacity, and language development.