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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Infection01:20

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Published on: October 10, 2025

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Infection and preterm birth.

Hugh C G Nadeau1, Akila Subramaniam1, William W Andrews1

  • 1UAB Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|January 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infection is a significant risk factor for preterm birth (PTB), a leading cause of infant mortality. Identifying specific pathogens using advanced technologies like microbiomics may help reduce PTB rates.

Keywords:
MetabolomeMicrobiomePremature birthReproductive tract infectionsSexually transmitted diseasesVaginosis

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Preterm birth (PTB) is a major contributor to infant morbidity and mortality worldwide.
  • Infection is recognized as a significant risk factor for PTB, but specific causative agents remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between infection and PTB.
  • To explore the role of specific infections in PTB.
  • To highlight novel technologies for identifying PTB pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was conducted on the PubMed database.
  • Studies published in English between 1995 and July 2015 were included.

Main Results:

  • Substantial evidence links infection to PTB.
  • The precise role of specific bacterial and viral infections in PTB is not fully established.
  • Emerging technologies like microbiomics and metabolomics show promise in pathogen identification.

Conclusions:

  • Infection is a critical factor in PTB.
  • Further research using advanced biological technologies is needed to pinpoint causative pathogens.
  • Development of strategies to reduce PTB is ongoing.