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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Related Experiment Video

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Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes
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Long non-coding RNA expression in primary human monocytes.

Hoda Mirsafian1, Srinivas Srikanth Manda2, Christopher J Mitchell3

  • 1Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Genomics
|January 19, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human monocytes, crucial for the innate immune system. Over 1000 novel lncRNAs were discovered, offering new avenues for studying immune responses.

Keywords:
LincRNAsLncRNAsMonocytesRNA-Seq

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play diverse roles in cellular processes and diseases like cancer.
  • While some lncRNAs are linked to immune response regulation, most remain functionally uncharacterized.
  • Human primary monocytes are key components of the innate immune system, but their lncRNA repertoire is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the landscape of lncRNAs in human primary monocytes.
  • To identify novel lncRNAs expressed in monocytes.
  • To provide a foundation for future research into lncRNA functions in innate immunity.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was performed on monocytes from four individuals.
  • Publicly available monocyte RNA sequencing datasets were integrated.
  • Novel long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) were validated using PCR.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 8000 lncRNAs were identified in human monocytes.
  • >1000 previously unreported lncRNAs were discovered in monocytes.
  • A subset of novel lincRNAs exhibited distinct expression patterns upon validation.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents a comprehensive catalog of lncRNAs in human monocytes.
  • The findings reveal a significant number of novel lncRNAs with potential roles in innate immunity.
  • The identified lncRNA landscape serves as a valuable resource for future functional investigations in immunology.