Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
Published on: September 10, 2016
Review on kefir beverages from milk and water: health benefits, processing and applications
Joyce Jen Li Lim1, Nyuk Ling Chin1, Chun Wie Chong2,3
1Department of Process and Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Kefir is a trending and highly valued fermented beverage known for its beneficial microbes and giving a wide spectrum of health benefits. It includes milk kefir and water kefir which have gained separate attention. Although milk kefir is more heard of than water kefir, it is essential to understand both in greater details in terms of similarities and differences. The key health benefits such as probiotics, protection in the gastrointestinal tract, control of glucose level, antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, regulating cholesterol, antimicrobial and improving lactose digestion are discussed and supported with recent in-vivo or in-vitro scientific evidences. This review addresses the gap of individual focus of each kefir by direct comparison of its microbial diversity, processing and physicochemical qualities. It provides updated information on lactic acid bacteria by species from advanced techniques of metagenomic analysis and also highlights the potential of kefiran, exopolysaccharides of milk kefir grains in food, biopharmaceutical and packaging industries.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Microbial Fermentation
Fermentation
Fermentation is a type of metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, where organic molecules such as glucose are broken down to produce energy. During this process, the...
Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry
Fates of Pyruvate
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption
Overview of Fungi

